Depigmented patches refer to areas of skin that have lost their normal pigmentation, resulting in lighter-colored spots compared to the surrounding skin. These patches occur when melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin (the pigment that gives skin its color), are damaged or destroyed. The most common cause of depigmented patches is vitiligo, a chronic skin condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks melanocytes, leading to irregular, often symmetric white patches on various parts of the body. Another cause can be post-inflammatory hypopigmentation, where skin loses pigment after inflammation or injury, such as from acne scars or eczema. Albinism, a genetic condition resulting in a complete or partial absence of melanin, can also present as widespread depigmentation. Other potential causes include certain fungal infections, like tinea versicolor, which can cause lighter patches on the skin due to fungal interference with pigmentation. Treatment for depigmented patches varies depending on the underlying cause. For vitiligo, options include topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and phototherapy to stimulate pigment production and improve skin appearance. Cosmetic treatments such as skin camouflage or makeup can help even out skin tone. For post-inflammatory hypopigmentation, addressing the underlying inflammation and allowing the skin to heal may help restore pigment over time. In cases of fungal infections, antifungal treatments can resolve the issue. Consulting a healthcare professional is essential for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan tailored to the specific cause of depigmented patches, ensuring effective management and improving skin appearance.
